Mazut
HEAVY FUEL OIL
Mazut is a heavy, low quality fuel oil, used in generating plants and similar applications. In the United States and Western Europe, mazut is blended or broken down, with the end product being diesel.
Mazut may be used for heating houses in the former USSR and in countries of the Far East that do not have the facilities to blend or break it down into more conventional petro-chemicals. In the West, furnaces that burn mazut are commonly called “waste oil” heaters or “waste oil” furnaces.
Mazut-100 is a fuel oil that is manufactured to GOST specifications, for example GOST 10585-75 (not active), GOST 10585-99 Oil fuel. Mazut is almost exclusively manufactured in the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan. This product is typically used for larger boilers in producing steam since the energy value is high. The most important factor when grading this fuel is the sulfur content, which can mostly be affected by the source feedstock. For shipment purposes, this product is considered a ”dirty oil” product, and because viscosity drastically affect whether it is able to be pumped, shipping has unique requirements. Mazut is much like Number 6 Oil (Bunker C), and is part of the products left over after gasoline and lighter components are evaporated from the crude oil.
Different types of Mazut-100
The main difference between the different types of Mazut-100 is the content of sulphur. The grades are represented by these sulfuric levels:
- ”Very Low Sulphur” is mazut with a sulphur content of 0.5%
- ”Low Sulphur” is a mazut with a sulphur content of 0.5-1.0%
- ”Normal Sulphur” is a mazut with a sulphur content of 1.0-2.0%
- ”High Sulphur” is a mazut with a sulphur content of 2.0-3.5%
Very Low Sulfur mazut is generally made from the lowest sulfur crude feedstocks. It has a very limited volume to be exported because:
- The number of producers in Russia is limited. Refineries which produce this are generally owned by the largest domestic oil companies, such as Lukoil and Rosneft, etc.
- In Russia and the CIS a minimum of 50% from the total produced volume is sold only to domestic consumers in Russia and the CIS.
- Most of the remainder amount is reserved by state quotas for state controlled companies abroad.
- The remaining volume available for export is sold according to state quotas, via state auctions, accessible only to Russian domestic companies.
Low to high sulfur mazut is available from Russia and other CIS countries (Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan). The technical specifications are represented in the same way, according to the Russian GOST standard 10585-99. The Russian origin mazut demands higher prices.
Properties Of Mazut-100
Mazut is the residue from distillation of gasoline, ligroine, kerosene, and diesel oil fractions from petroleum. Mazut may be used as boiler fuel oil, in the preparation of distillate and residual lubricating oils, in cracking or hydrogenation processes for the manufacture of motor fuel (gasoline or diesel oil), and in the production of bitumen and coke, depending on its chemical composition and properties.
The properties of mazut are as follows:
Density, 890-1,000 kg/m3 at 20°C;
Heat of Combustion, 38-42 megajoules per kg(9,100-10,000 kcal/kg);
Relative Viscosity, 5°-15° at 50°C;
Surface Tension, 0.03-0.04 joules per sq m (30-40 erg/cm2) at40°C);
Heat of Evaporation, 170-210 kilojoules per kg (40-50 kcal/kg);
Sulfur Content, 0.8-3.5 percent;
Resin Content, up to 60 percent;
Ash Content, 0.1-0.5 percent.
The mazut used for fuel in gas turbines must have the lowest ash content (the ash must contain no more than 0.001 percent vanadium and 0.0005 percent sodium, which are particularly harmful elements in terms of corrosion).
Other Kinds Of Mazut
Fuel Oil CST 180
Fuel Oil CST 380
Low Sulphur Fuel Oil
Low Viscosity Fuel Oil
Specifications& Characteristics
FUEL OIL CST-180 SPECIFICATIONS
Viscosity kinematic @ 50 ° C (max) 180 230
Pour point (max) ° C 5.0 15.0
Flash point (min) ° C 63 63
Sulphur Total (max) %mass 3.0 3.0
Carbon Residue Conradson (max)%mass 13 13
Ash (max) %mass 0.05 0.05
Water & sediment (max) %vol 0.5 0.5
Colorific value higher (min) MJ/kg 42.2 42.2
CST 280 and CST 380
Density @ 15 ° C (max) kg /L 0.97 0.99
Viscosity kinematic @ 50 ° C (max) 280 380
Pour point (max) ° C 24 32
Flash point (min) ° C 65 65
Sulphur Total (max) %mass 3.5 3.5
Carbon Residue Conradson (max)%mass 15 20
Ash (max) %mass 0.15 0.15
Water & sediment (max) %vol 1.0 1.0
Colorific value higher (min) MJ/kg 41.7 41.7
FUEL OIL CST 380 SPECIFICATIONS
Specific Gravity at 15° C ( Kg/m3 ) 991 Max NP EN ISO 3675 / ISO 12185 / ASTM D 1298 / ASTM D 4052
Flash Point ( ° C ) 60 Min NP EN ISO 2719 / ASTM D 93 / IP 34
Kinematic Viscosity at 100º C ( mm2/s ) 35 Max NP EN 3104 / ASTM D 445 / IP 71
Kinematic Viscosity at 50° C ( cSt ) 380 Max NP EN 3104 / ASTM D 445 / IP 71
Sulphur % ( m/m ) 3.5 Max ISO 8754 / ASTM D 4294 / ASTM D 1552 / IP 336
Water % ( v/v ) 1 Max ISO 3733 / ASTM D 95 /IP 74
Differential, Total Sediment % ( m/m )
( Potential minus Existent ) 0.05 Max Calc
Carbon Residue % ( m/m ) 18 Max ISO 6615 ISSO 10370 / ASTM D 189 / ASTM D 4530 /IP 13
Pour Point ( ° C ) 30 Max ISO 3016
ASTM D 97 IP 15
Ash % ( m/m ) 0.15 Max NP EN ISO 6245
ASTM D 482
Asphaltene % ( m/m ) 10 Max IP 143
Vanadium ( mg/Kg ) 300 Max ISO 14597
Aluminium plus Silicon ( mg/Kg ) 80 Max ISO 10478 / IP 501
Stability 1 Max ASTM D 4740
Compatibility with Gasoil 1 Max ASTM D 4740
Calorific Power lower (KJ/Kg) To be reported
ASTM D 4868 CALCULED
Strong Acid Number ( mg KOH/g ) Nil Max ISO 6618 / ASTM D 664
Total Acid Number ( mg KOH/g ) 3 Max ISO 6619 / ASTM D 664
Zinc ( mg/ Kg ) 15 Max IP 501
Phosphorus ( mg/ Kg ) 15 Max IP 501
Calcium ( mg/ Kg ) 30 Max IP 501
